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New research from Harvard Business School faculty on issues including academic management research, how business research can contribute to public policy, and empirical approaches to entrepreneurship.
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What Chandrayaan-3 Says About India's Entrepreneurial Approach to Space

by Clea Simon, Harvard Gazette

India reached an unexplored part of the moon despite its limited R&D funding compared with NASA and SpaceX. Tarun Khanna discusses the significance of the landing, and the country's advancements in data and digital technology.

The FDA’s Speedy Drug Approvals Are Safe: A Win-Win for Patients and Pharma Innovation

by Kasandra Brabaw

Expediting so-called breakthrough therapies has saved millions of dollars in research time without compromising drug safety or efficacy, says research by Ariel Stern, Amitabh Chandra, and colleagues. Could policymakers harness the approach to bring life-saving treatments to the market faster?

Why Business Travel Still Matters in a Zoom World

by Kara Baskin

Meeting in person can make all the difference for colleagues from different time zones or cultural backgrounds. A study by Prithwiraj Choudhury traces flight patterns among 5,000 airports around the world to show how business travel propels innovation.

Population Interference in Panel Experiments

by Iavor I. Bojinov, Kevin Wu Han, and Guillaume Basse

In panel experiments, units are exposed to different interventions over time. This article introduces a unifying framework for studying panel experiments with population interference, in which a treatment assigned to one experimental unit affects another experimental unit's outcome. Findings have implications for fields as diverse as education, economics, and public health.

Private and Social Returns to R&D: Drug Development and Demographics

by Efraim Benmelech, Janice Eberly, Dimitris Papanikolaou, and Joshua Krieger

Research and development (R&D) by pharmaceutical firms focuses disproportionately on medical conditions afflicting the elderly. The proportion of R&D spending targeting older age groups is increasing over time. Even though these investments in R&D prolong life expectancy and improve quality of life, they have little effect on measured productivity and output growth.

Designing, Not Checking, for Policy Robustness: An Example with Optimal Taxation

by Benjami Lockwood, Afras Y. Sial, and Matthew C. Weinzierl

The approach used by most economists to check academic research results is flawed for policymaking and evaluation. The authors propose an alternative method for designing economic policy analyses that might be applied to a wide range of economic policies.

Short-Termism, Shareholder Payouts, and Investment in the EU

by Jesse M. Fried and Charles C.Y. Wang

Shareholder-driven “short-termism,” as evidenced by increasing payouts to shareholders, is said to impede long-term investment in EU public firms. But a deep dive into the data reveals a different story.

Estimating Causal Effects in the Presence of Partial Interference Using Multivariate Bayesian Structural Time Series Models

by Fiammetta Menchetti and Iavor Bojinov

A case study of an Italian supermarket introducing a new pricing policy—in which it reduced prices on some brands—offers managers a new approach to reduce uncertainty. The approach is flexible and can be applied to different business problems.

Design and Analysis of Switchback Experiments

by Iavor I. Bojinov, David Simchi-Levi, and Jinglong Zhao

This paper presents a framework for managers to design and run switchback experiments.

What Can Economics Say About Alzheimer's Disease?

by Amitabh Chandra, Courtney Coile, and Corina Mommaerts

This essay discusses the role of market frictions and "missing medicines" in drug innovation and highlights how frameworks and toolkits of economists can help our understanding of the determinants and effects of Alzheimer's disease on health.

When Do Experts Listen to Other Experts? The Role of Negative Information in Expert Evaluations for Novel Projects

by Jacqueline N. Lane, Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan, and Karim R. Lakhani

Evaluators of early-stage scientific proposals tend to systematically focus on the weaknesses of proposed work rather than its strengths, according to evidence from two field experiments.

COVID's Surprising Toll on Careers of Women Scientists

by Rachel Layne

Women scientists and those with young children are paying a steep career price in the pandemic, according to new research by Karim Lakhani, Kyle Myers, and colleagues. Open for comment; 0 Comments.

Is the 'Experimentation Organization' Becoming the Competitive Gold Standard?

by James Heskett

SUMMING UP: Digital experimentation is gaining momentum as an everyday habit in many organizations, especially those in high tech, say James Heskett's readers. Open for comment; 0 Comments.

Gender Inequality in Research Productivity During the COVID-19 Pandemic

by Ruomeng Cui, Hao Ding, and Feng Zhu

Analysis of data from the largest open-access repositories for social science in the world finds that female researchers’ productivity significantly dropped relative to that of male researchers as a result of the lockdown in the United States.

Inventing the Endless Frontier: The Effects of the World War II Research Effort on Post-War Innovation

by Daniel P. Gross and Bhaven N. Sampat

Investments made in World War II by the United States Office of Scientific Research and Development powered decades of subsequent innovation and the take-off of regional technology hubs around the country.

A General Theory of Identification

by Iavor Bojinov and Guillaume Basse

Statistical inference teaches us how to learn from data, whereas identification analysis explains what we can learn from it. This paper proposes a simple unifying theory of identification, encouraging practitioners to spend more time thinking about what they can estimate from the data and assumptions before trying to estimate it.

The Effects of Hierarchy on Learning and Performance in Business Experimentation

by Sourobh Ghosh, Stefan H. Thomke, and Hazjier Pourkhalkhali

Do senior managers help or hurt business experiments? Analyzing a dataset of more than 6,300 experiments on the A/B/n testing platform Optimizely, this study suggests that involving senior executives in experimentation teams can have surprising consequences.

Impact Investing: A Theory of Financing Social Entrepreneurship

by Benjamin N. Roth

The author provides a formal definition of organizational sustainability and characterizes the situations in which a social enterprise should be sustainable. The analysis then delineates when an investment in a social enterprise delivers superior impact to a grant.

Read Our Most Popular Research Stories of 2019

by Sean Silverthorne

Here are the most-read stories published by Harvard Business School Working Knowledge in 2019. Now it's your turn: What will be the biggest stories—the most significant business trends—of 2020? Open for comment; 0 Comments.

A Journal-Based Replication of 'Being Chosen to Lead'

by Erik Snowberg, Allan Drazen, Anna Dreber, and Erkut Y. Ozbay

Attempts to replicate experimental findings in economics and other disciplines have had a disappointing track record. This paper proposes and shows proof-of-concept for one way to ensure replication: contracting by a journal after a study is accepted for publication, but (ideally) before the actual publication occurs.